Prof. Thumbi Mwangi

Biography

Thumbi Mwangi is an infectious disease epidemiologist combining classical epidemiology, applied epidemiological modelling and data science to improve the speed and quality of policy decision making in human and animal health. His research program conducts population-based studies, statistical and mathematical tools to understand the epidemiology, optimize surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases.

His current research includes:
- implementation research for the elimination of dog-mediated human rabies
- optimal use and placement of primary healthcare services
- improvement of essential health services
- syndromic surveillance for early detection of zoonotic spillover
- transmission and control of animal and human brucellosis
- livestock interventions for improvement of human nutritional status
- transmission dynamics and control of SARS-CoV2 in Kenya
- analytics and epidemiological modelling to support elimination of preventative chemotherapy Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) in Africa, working in collaboration with the NTD modelling consortium


He serves as the Chair of the National Technical Committee on Modelling advising the Kenya government on COVID-19 responses, member of the National Rabies Elimination Coordination Committee charged with oversight of the implementation of the rabies elimination strategy for Kenya, and member of Kenya’s Zoonotic Technical Working Group. Internationally, he is a member of the Africa CDC COVID-19 modelling group, member of the Technical Review Committee of the African Union Africa Risk Capacity - epidemics and outbreaks program. He has served as a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) rabies modelling consortium, and a member of WHO Rabies Expert Group that reviewed and updated the current WHO rabies guidelines.

His research has been funded by the:
- Wellcome Trust
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- World Health Organization
- UK Global Challenges Research Fund
- Kenya National Research Fund
- Paul G Allen Family Foundation
- UK Medical Research Council
- Scottish Funding Council
- USAID
- Sanofi Pasteur
- the German Research Foundation.

Other Titles

- Associate Professor, Washington State University Paul G Allen School for Global Health
- Chancellor’s Fellow, University of Edinburgh
- Affiliate Fellow, African Academy of Sciences
- Affiliate Fellow South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis

Research Interests

Outbreaks| Primary Health Care | Neglected Tropical Diseases | Epidemiology | Data Science

Recent Publications

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

  • Scott TP, Sharma SK,Wallace RM, Nel LH, Adhikari SK,Abela-Ridder B, Thumbi SM. (2021). Assessing the practicalities of joint snakebite and dog rabies control programs: Commonalities and potential pitfalls. Toxicon: X. 12(2021) 100084.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100084
     
  • Warimwe GM, Francis MJ, Bowden TA, Thumbi SM, Charleston B. (2021) Using cross-species vaccination approaches to counter emerging infectious diseases. Nature Review Immunology. 2021 Jun 17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-021-00567-2
     
  • Nyamwaya, D. K., Otiende, M., Omuoyo, D. O., Githinji, G., Karanja, H. K., Gitonga, J. N., de Laurent, Z., Otieno, J. R., Sang, R., Kamau, E., Cheruiyot, S., Otieno, E., Agoti, C. N., Bejon, P., Thumbi, S. M., Warimwe, G. M. (2021). Endemic chikungunya fever in Kenyan children: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21(1), 186. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05875-5
     
  • Laing, G., Vigilato MAN, Cleaveland, S., Thumbi, SM., Blumberg, L., Salahuddin, N., Abdela-Ridder, B., Harrison, W. (2021). One Health for neglected tropical diseases. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 115(2), 182-184. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa117
     
  • Muturi M, Akoko J, Nthiwa D, Chege B, Nyamota R, Mutiiria M, Maina J, Thumbi SM, Nyamai M, Kahariri S, Sitawa R, Kimutai J, Kuria W, Mwatondo A, Bett B.(2021) Serological evidence of single and mixed infections of Rift Valley fever virus, Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii in dromedary camels in Kenya. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Mar 26;15(3):e0009275. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009275
     
  • Otiang E, Thumbi SM, Campbell ZA, Njagi LW, Nyaga PN, Palmer GH. (2021) Impact of routine Newcastle disease vaccination on chicken flock size in smallholder farms in western Kenya.PLoS One.Mar 18;16(3):e0248596. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248596
     
  • Mutono, N., Wright, J. E., Mutembei, H., Muema, J., Mair, T. L., Mutunga, M., Thumbi, S. M. (2021). The nexus between improved water supply and water-borne diseases in urban areas in Africa: a scoping review. AAS open research, 4, 27.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8311817/
     
  • Omulo, S. A., Lofgren, E., Lockwood, S., Thumbi, S. M., Bigogo, G., Ouma, A., Verani, J. R., Juma, B., Njenga, M. Kariuki, Kariuki, S., McElwain, T. F., Palmer, G. H., Call, D. R. (2021). Carriage of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in a high-density informal settlement in Kenya is associated with environmental risk-factors. Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 10(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-021-00886-y
     

2020

  • Okotto-Okotto, J., da Trajano Gomes Silva, D., Kwoba, E., Thumbi, S. M., Wanza, P., Yu, W., Wright, J. A. (2020). Effect of Inter-Observer Variation on the Association between Contamination Hazards and the Microbiological Quality of Water Sources: A Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24).
     

  • Mutono, N., Wright, J. E., Mutembei, H., Muema, J., Mair, T. L., Mutunga, M., Thumbi, S. M. (2020). The nexus between improved water supply and water-borne diseases in urban areas in Africa: a scoping review protocol. AAS open research, 3, 12.
     

  • Bolon, I., Mason, J., O'Keeffe, P. T., Haeberli, P., Adan, H. A., Karenzi, J. M., Osman, A. A., Thumbi, S. M., Chuchu, V., Nyamai, M., Babo Martins, S., Wipf, N. C., de Ruiz Castañeda, R. (2020). One Health education in Kakuma refugee camp (Kenya): From a MOOC to projects on real world challenges. One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 10, 100158.
     

  • Gigante, C. M., Yale, G., Condori, R. E., Costa, N. C., Long, N. V., Minh, P. Q., Chuong, V. D., Tho, N. D., Thanh, N. T., Thin, N. X., Hanh NTH, Wambura, G., Ade, F., Mito, O., Chuchu, V., Muturi, M., Mwatondo, A., Hampson, K., Thumbi, S. M., Thomae, B. G., de Paz, V. H., Meneses, S., Munyua, P., Moran, D., Cadena, L., Gibson, A., Wallace, R. M., Pieracci, E. G., Li, Y. (2020). Portable Rabies Virus Sequencing in Canine Rabies Endemic Countries Using the Oxford Nanopore MinION. Viruses, 12(11).
     

  • Callaby, R., Jennings, A., Thumbi, S. M., Mbole-Kariuki, M., Van Wyk, I., Kiara, H., Coetzer JAW, Woolhouse MEJ, Hanotte, O., Toye, P. G., Bronsvoort BMD (2020). Reflections on IDEAL: What we have learnt from a unique calf cohort study. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 181, 105062.
     

  • Callaby, R., Pendarovski, C., Jennings, A., Thumbi, S.M., Van Wyk, I., Mbole-Kariuki, M., Kiara, H., Toye, P. G., Kemp, S., Hanotte, O., Coetzer JAW, Handel, I. G., Woolhouse MEJ, de Clare Bronsvoort, B. M. (2020). IDEAL, the Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock project open access database and biobank. Scientific data, 7(1), 224.
     

  • Ferguson, A. W., Muloi, D., Ngatia, D. K., Kiongo, W., Kimuyu, D. M., Webala, P. W., Olum, M. O., Muturi, M., Thumbi, S. M., Woodroffe, R., Murugi, L., Fèvre, E. M., Murray, S. B., Martins, D. J. (2020). Volunteer based approach to dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate human rabies: Lessons from Laikipia County, Kenya. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(7), e0008260.
     

  • Otiang, E., Campbell, Z. A., Thumbi, S. M., Njagi, L. W., Nyaga, P. N., Palmer, G. H. (2020). Mortality as the primary constraint to enhancing nutritional and financial gains from poultry: A multi-year longitudinal study of smallholder farmers in western Kenya. PLoS One, 15(5), e0233691.
     

  • Brunker K, Jaswant G, Thumbi SM, Lushasi K, Lugelo A, Czupryna AM, Ade F, Wambura G, Chuchu V, Steenson R, Ngeleja C, Bautista C, Manalo DL, Gomez MRR, Chu MYJV, Miranda ME, Kamat M, Rysava K, Espineda J, Silo EAV, Aringo AM, Bernales RP, Adonay FF, Tildesley MJ, Marston DA, Jennings DL, Fooks AR, Zhu W, Meredith LW, Hill SC, Poplawski R, Gifford RJ, Singer JB, Maturi M, Mwatondo A, Biek R, Hampson K (2020) Rapid in-country sequencing of whole virus genomes to inform rabies elimination programmes. Wellcome Open Res. 2020 Jan 7; 5:3.
     

  • Njenga MK, Ogolla E, Thumbi SM, Ngere I, Omulo S, Muturi M, Marwanga D, Bitek A, Bett B, Widdowson MA, Munyua P, Osoro EM (2020) Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya. BMC Public Health. 2020 Feb 24;20(1):269.
     

  • WHO Rabies Modelling Consortium. Zero human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030: perspectives from quantitative and mathematical modelling [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations] Gates Open Research 2020, 3:1564 https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13074.2
     

  • Danny Sheath, Rafael Luis Ruiz De Castaneda, Nefti-Eboni Bempong, Mario Raviglione, Catherine Machalaba, Michael S Pepper, Effy Vayena, Nicolas Ray, Didier Wernli, Gérard Escher, François Grey, Bernice Simone Elger, Dirk Helbing, Kaj-Kolja Kleineberg, David Henri Beran, J Jaime Miranda, Mark D Huffman, Fred Hersch, Fred Andayi, SM Thumbi, Valérie D’Acremont, Mary-Anne Hartley, Jakob Zinsstag, James Larus, María Rodríguez Martínez, Philippe J Guerin, Laura Merson, Vinh-Kim Ngyuen, Frank Rühli, Antoine Geissbuhler, Marcel Salathé, Isabelle Bolon, Catharina Boehme, Seth Franklin Berkley, Alain-Jacques Valleron, Olivia Keiser, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Anne Eckerle, Jürg Utzinger, Antoine Flahault (2020) Precision global health: a roadmap for augmented action. Journal of Public Health and Emergency 4 (5):1-12
     

  • Thomas, Mair, Channon, Andrew Amos, Bain, Robert, Nyamai, Mutono and Wright, Jim A. (2020) Household-reported availability of drinking water in Africa: A systematic review. Water, 12 (9), 1-28, [2603]. (doi:10.3390/w12092603).

     

2019

  • Thumbi, S.M., Njenga, M.K., Otiang, E., Otieno, L., Munyua, P., Eichler, S., Widdowson, M., Mcelwain, T.F., Palmer, G.H., 2019. Mobile phone-based surveillance for animal disease in rural communities: implications for detection of zoonoses spillover. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B. 374: 20190020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0020
     

  • Campbell, Z., Thumbi S.M., Marsh, T.L., Marsha B. Quinlan M.B., Shirima G.M., Palmer, G.H., (2019) Why isn’t everyone using the thermotolerant vaccine? Preferences for Newcastle disease vaccines by chicken-owning households in Tanzania. PLoS One https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220963
     

  • Wambura, G., Mwatondo, A., Muturi, M., Nasimiyu, C., Wentworth, D., Hampson, K., Bichanga, P., Tabu, C., Juma, S., Ngere, I., Thumbi, S.M., 2019. Rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin supply and logistics: Challenges and opportunities for rabies elimination in Kenya. Vaccine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.035
     

  • Kwoba, E.N., Kitala, P., Ochieng, L., Otiang, E., Ndung’u, R., Wambura, G., Hampson, K., Thumbi, S.M., 2019. Dog health and demographic surveillance survey in Western Kenya: Demography and management practices relevant for rabies transmission and control. AAS Open Res. 2, 5. https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12902.1
     

  • Sreenivasan N, Li A, Shiferaw M, Tran CH, Wallace R, Blanton J, Knopf L, Abela-Ridder B, Hyde T, Siddiqi UR, Tahmina S, Penjor K, Sovann L, Doeurn Y, Sim K, Houssiere V, Tejiokem M, Mindekem R, Yu L, Wenwu Y, Benié J, Tetchi M, Tiembre I, Deressa A, Haile A, Hurisa B, Yawson NA, Ohene SA, Sudarshan MK, Narayana A, Mwatondo A, Thumbi SM, Edosoa G, Baril L, Ramiandrasoa R, Rajeev M, Fofana MS, Traore A, Matchaya M, Burdon Bailey JL, Yale G, Dolgorkhand A, Tsogbadrakh N, Ochirpurev A, Shrestha K, Balami J, Qureshi H, Salahuddin N, Villalon E, Blumberg L, Gunesekara A, Changalucha J, Nguyen H., 2019 Overview of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis access, procurement and distribution in selected countries in Asia and Africa, 2017-2018. Vaccine https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.024
     

  • Bitek, A.O., Osoro, E., Munyua, P.M., Nanyingi, M., Muthiani, Y., Kiambi, S., Muturi, M., Mwatondo, A., Muriithi, R., Cleaveland, S., Hampson, K., Njenga, M.K., Kitala, P., Thumbi, S., 2019. A hundred years of rabies in Kenya and the strategy for eliminating dog-mediated rabies by 2030. AAS Open Res. 1, 23. https://doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12872.2
     

  • Wentworth, D., Hampson, K., Thumbi, S.M., Mwatondo, A., Wambura, G., Chng, N.R., 2019. A social justice perspective on access to human rabies vaccines. Vaccine 8–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.065
     

  • WHO Rabies Modelling Consortium - Hampson K, Ventura F, Steenson R, Mancy R, Trotter C, Cooper L, Abela-Ridder B, Knopf L, Ringenier M, Tenzin T, Ly S, Tarantola A, Moyengar R, Oussiguéré A, Bonfoh B, Narayana DA, Sudarshan MK, Muturi M, Mwatondo A, Wambura G, Andriamandimby SF, Baril L, Edosoa GT, Traoré A, Jayme S, Kotzé J, Gunesekera A, Chitnis N, Hattendorf J, Laager M, Lechenne M, Zinsstag J, Changalucha J, Mtema Z, Lugelo A, Lushasi K, Yurachai O, Metcalf CJE, Rajeev M, Blanton J, Costa GB, Sreenivasan N, Wallace R, Briggs D, Taylor L, Thumbi SM, Huong NTT. The potential effect of improved provision of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in Gavi-eligible countries: a modelling study (2019) The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 19(1), pp. 102-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30512-7.
     

2018

  • Kemunto, N., Mogoa, E., Osoro, E., Bitek, A., Kariuki Njenga, M., & Thumbi, S. M. (2018). Zoonotic disease research in East Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1), 545. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3443-8
     

  • Cleaveland, S., Thumbi, S. M., Sambo, M., Lugelo, A., Lushasi, K., Hampson, K., & Lankester, F. (2018). Proof of concept of mass dog vaccination for thecontrol and elimination of canine rabies. Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics), 37(2), 559–568. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.37.2.2824
     

  • Campbell, Z. A., Marsh, T. L., Mpolya, E. A., Thumbi, S. M., & Palmer, G. H. (2018). Newcastle disease vaccine adoption by smallholder households in Tanzania: Identifying determinants and barriers. PLoS ONE, 13(10), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206058
     

  • Muturi, M., Bitek, A., Mwatondo, A., Osoro, E., Marwanga, D., Gura, Z., Ngere, P., Nganga, Z., Thumbi, S.M., Njenga, K.,. (2018). Risk factors for human brucellosis among a pastoralist community in South-West Kenya, 2015. BMC Research Notes, 11(1), 865. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3961-x
     

  • Muturi, M., Gachohi, J., Mwatondo, A., Lekolool, I., Gakuya, F., Bett, A., Osoro, E., Bitek, A., Thumbi, S.M., Munyua, P., Oyas, H., Njagi, O.N., Bett, B., Njenga, M.K., (2018). Recurrent Anthrax Outbreaks in Humans, Livestock, and Wildlife in the Same Locality, Kenya, 2014-2017. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 99(4), 833–839. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0224
     

  • Oyas, H., Holmstrom, L., Kemunto, N.P., Muturi, M., Mwatondo, A., Osoro, E., Bitek, A., Bett, B., Githinji, J.W., Thumbi, S.M., Widdowson, M., Munyua, P.M., Njenga, M.K., (2018). Enhanced surveillance for Rift Valley Fever in livestock during El Niño rains and threat of RVF outbreak, Kenya, 2015-2016. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 12(4), e0006353. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006353
     

2017

  • Mosites, E., Aol, G., Otiang, E., Bigogo, G., Munyua, P., Montgomery, J.M., Neuhouser, M.L., Palmer, G.H., Thumbi, S.M., (2017). Child height gain is associated with consumption of animal-source foods in livestock-owning households in Western Kenya. Public Health Nutr. 20, 336–345. https://doi.org/10.1017/S136898001600210X
     

  • Undurraga, E.A., Blanton, J.D., Thumbi, S.M., Mwatondo, A., Muturi, M., Wallace, R.M., (2017). Tool for eliminating dog-mediated human rabies through mass dog vaccination campaigns. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 23, 2114–2116. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2312.171148
     

  • Mwatondo, A., Munyua, P., Gura, Z., Muturi, M., Osoro, E., Obonyo, M., Bitek, A., Oyas, H., Mbabu, M., Kioko, J., Njenga, K., Lowther, S., Thumbi, S.M., (2017). Catalysts for implementation of One Health in Kenya. Pan Afr. Med. J. 28, 1. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.supp.2017.28.1.13275
     

  • Omulo, S., Thumbi, S.M.., Lockwood, S., Verani, J.R., Bigogo, G., Masyongo, G., Call, D.R., (2017). Evidence of superficial knowledge regarding antibiotics and their use: Results of two cross-sectional surveys in an urban informal settlement in Kenya. PLoS One 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185827
     

  • Muema, J., Thumbi, S.M., Obonyo, M., Wanyoike, S., Nanyingi, M., Osoro, E., Bitek, A., Karanja, S., (2017). Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in Baringo County, Kenya. Zoonoses Public Health 64, e31–e43. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12342
     

  • Mosites, E., Sammons, M., Otiang, E., Eng, A., Noecker, C., Manor, O., Hilton, S., Thumbi, S.M., Onyango, C., Garland-Lewis, G., Call, D.R., Njenga, M.K., Wasserheit, J.N., Zambriski, J.A., Walson, J.L., Palmer, G.H., Montgomery, J., Borenstein, E., Omore, R., Rabinowitz, P.M., (2017). Microbiome sharing between children, livestock and household surfaces in western Kenya. PLoS One 12, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171017
     

  • Munyua, P., Corman, V.M., Bitek, A., Osoro, E., Meyer, B., Müller, M.A., Lattwein, E., Thumbi, S.M., Murithi, R., Widdowson, M.A., Drosten, C., Njenga, M.K., (2017). No serologic evidence of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection among camel farmers exposed to highly seropositive camel herds: A household linked study, Kenya, 2013. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 96, 1318–1324. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0880
     

  • Nanyingi, M.O., Muchemi, G.M., Thumbi, S.M., Ade, F., Onyango, C.O., Kiama, S.G., Bett, B., (2017). Seroepidemiological Survey of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Ruminants in Garissa, Kenya. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 17, 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2016.1988
     

  • Ogendo, A., Obonyo, M., Wasswa, P., Bitek, A., Mbugua, A., Thumbi, S.M., (2017). Cryptosporidium infection in calves and the environment in Asembo, Western Kenya: 2015. Pan Afr. Med. J. 28, 9. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.supp.2017.28.1.9313
     

2016

  • Munyua, P., Bitek, A., Osoro, E., Pieracci, E.G., Muema, J., Mwatondo, A., Kungu, M., Nanyingi, M., Gharpure, R., Njenga, K., Thumbi, S.M. (2016). Prioritization of Zoonotic Diseases in Kenya, 2015. PLoS One 11, e0161576. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161576
     
  • Munyua, P.M., Murithi, R.M., Ithondeka, P., Hightower, A., Thumbi, S.M., Anyangu, S.A., Kiplimo, J., Bett, B., Vrieling, A., Breiman, R.F., Njenga, M.K., (2016). Predictive Factors and Risk Mapping for Rift Valley Fever Epidemics in Kenya. PLoS One 11, e0144570. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144570
     
  • Callaby, R., Toye, P., Jennings, A., Thumbi, S.M., Coetzer, J.A.W., Conradie Van Wyk, I.C., Hanotte, O., Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Bronsvoort, B.M. de. C., Kruuk, L.E.B., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Kiara, H., (2016). Seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in Western Kenya. Res. Vet. Sci. 108, 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.08.010
     
  • Gitonga, P.N., Gachene, C., Njoroge, E., Thumbi, S.M., (2016). Small ruminant husbandry practices amongst Kajiado and Marsabit pastoralists and their effects on Peste des petits ruminants control strategies. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 28.
     
  • Mosites, E., Thumbi, S.M., Otiang, E., McElwain, T.F., Njenga, M.K., Rabinowitz, P.M., Rowhani-Rahbar, A., Neuhouser, M.L., May, S., Palmer, G.H., Walson, J.L., (2016). Relations between Household Livestock Ownership, Livestock Disease, and Young Child Growth. J. Nutr. 146, 1118–24. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.225961

2015

  • Thumbi, S.M., Njenga, M.K., Marsh, T.L., Noh, S., Otiang, E., Munyua, P., Ochieng, L., Ogola, E., Yoder, J., Audi, A., Montgomery, J.M., Bigogo, G., Breiman, R.F., Palmer, G.H., McElwain, T.F., (2015). Linking human health and livestock health: a “one-health” platform for integrated analysis of human health, livestock health, and economic welfare in livestock dependent communities. PLoS One 10, e0120761. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120761
     
  • Woolhouse, M.E.J., Thumbi, S.M., Jennings, A., Chase-Topping, M., Callaby, R., Kiara, H., Oosthuizen, M.C., Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Conradie, I., Handel, I.G., Poole, E.J., Njiiri, E., Collins, N.E., Murray, G., Tapio, M., Auguet, O.T., Weir, W., Morrison, W.I., Kruuk, L.E.B., Bronsvoort, B.M.D.C., Hanotte, O., Coetzer, K., Toye, P.G., (2015). Co-infections determine patterns of mortality in a population exposed to parasite infection. Sci. Adv. 1, e1400026. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1400026
     
  • Mosites, E.M., Rabinowitz, P.M., Thumbi, S.M., Montgomery, J.M., Palmer, G.H., May, S., Rowhani-Rahbar, A., Neuhouse, M.L., Walson, J.L., (2015). The relationship between livestock ownership and child stunting in three countries in eastern Africa using national survey data. PLoS One 10, 1–10 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136686
     
  • Nanyingi, M.O., Munyua, P., Kiama, S.G., Muchemi, G.M., Thumbi, S.M., Bitek, A.O., Bett, B., Muriithi, R.M., Njenga, M.K., (2015). A systematic review of Rift Valley Fever epidemiology 1931-2014. Infect. Ecol. Epidemiol. 5, 28024. https://doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.28024
     
  • Omulo, S., Thumbi, S.M., Njenga, M.K., Call, D.R., (2015). A review of 40 years of enteric antimicrobial resistance research in Eastern Africa: what can be done better? Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control 4, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-014-0041-4
     
  • Callaby, R., Hanotte, O., Conradie Van Wyk, I., Kiara, H., Toye, P., Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Jennings, A., Thumbi, S.M., Coetzer, J. a W., de C Bronsvoort, B.M., Knott, S. a, Woolhouse, M.E.J., Kruuk, L.E.B., (2015). Variation and covariation in strongyle infection in East African shorthorn zebu calves. Parasitology 142, 499–511. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182014001498
     
  • Njiiri, N.E., Bronsvoort, B.M. deC, Collins, N.E., Steyn, H.C., Troskie, M., Vorster, I., Thumbi, S.M.., Sibeko, K.P., Jennings, A., van Wyk, I.C., Mbole-Kariuki, M., Kiara, H., Poole, E.J., Hanotte, O., Coetzer, K., Oosthuizen, M.C., Woolhouse, M., Toye, P., (2015). The epidemiology of tick-borne haemoparasites as determined by the reverse line blot hybridization assay in an intensively studied cohort of calves in western Kenya. Vet. Parasitol. 210, 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.02.020
     
  • Njenga, M.K., Njagi, L., Thumbi, S.M., Kahariri, S., Githinji, J., Omondi, E., Baden, A., Murithi, M., Paweska, J., Ithondeka, P.M., Ngeiywa, K.J., Dungu, B., Donadeu, M., Munyua, P.M., (2015). Randomized controlled field trial to assess the immunogenicity and safety of rift valley fever clone 13 vaccine in livestock. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 9, e0003550. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003550
     
  • Osoro, E.M., Munyua, P., Omulo, S., Ogola, E., Ade, F., Mbatha, P., Mbabu, M., Ng’ang’a, Z., Kairu, S., Maritim, M., Thumbi, S.M.., Bitek, A., Gaichugi, S., Rubin, C., Njenga, K., Guerra, M., 2015. Strong Association Between Human and Animal Brucella Seropositivity in a Linked Study in Kenya, 2012-2013. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 93, 224–31. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0113

2014

  • Thumbi, S.M., Bronsvoort, B.M.D.C., Poole, E.J., Kiara, H., Toye, P.G., Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Conradie, I., Jennings, A., Handel, I.G., Coetzer, J.A.W., Steyl, J.C.A., Hanotte, O., Woolhouse, M.E.J., 2014. Parasite co-infections and their impact on survival of indigenous cattle. PLoS One 9, e76324. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076324
     
  • Van Wyk, I.C., Goddard, A., De C. Bronsvoort, B.M., Coetzer, J.A.A.W., Handel, I.G., Hanotte, O., Jennings, A., Lesosky, M., Kiara, H., Thumbi, S.M., Toye, P., Woolhouse, M.W., Penzhorn, B.L., (2014). The impact of co-infections on the haematological profile of East African Short-horn Zebu calves. Parasitology 141, 374–388. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182013001625
     
  • Kiara, H., Jennings, A., Bronsvoort, B.M.D.C., Handel, I.G., Thumbi, S.M., Mbole-Kariuki, M., Conradie Van Wyk, I., Poole, E.J., Hanotte, O., Coetzer, J.A.W., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Toye, P.G., (2014). A longitudinal assessment of the serological response to Theileria parva and other tick-borne parasites from birth to one year in a cohort of indigenous calves in western Kenya. Parasitology 141, 1289–1298. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118201400050X
     
  • Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Sonstegard, T., Orth, A, Thumbi, S.M., Bronsvoort, B.M.D.C., Kiara, H., Toye, P., Conradie, I., Jennings, a, Coetzer, K., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Hanotte, O., Tapio, M., (2014). Genome-wide analysis reveals the ancient and recent admixture history of East African Shorthorn Zebu from Western Kenya. Heredity (Edinb). 113, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2014.31
     
  • Thumbi, S.M., de C Bronsvoort, B.M., Poole, E.J., Kiara, H., Toye, P., Ndila, M., Conradie, I., Jennings, A., Handel, I.G., Coetzer, J.A.W., Hanotte, O., Woolhouse, M.E.J., 2013. Parasite co-infections show synergistic and antagonistic interactions on growth performance of East African zebu cattle under one year. Parasitology 140, 1789–98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182013001261
     
  • Murray, G.G.R., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Tapio, M., Mbole-Kariuki, M.N., Sonstegard, T.S., Thumbi, S.M., Jennings, A.E., van Wyk, I.C., Chase-Topping, M., Kiara, H., Toye, P., Coetzer, K., deC Bronsvoort, B.M., Hanotte, O., 2013. Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease in East African Shorthorn Zebu: a genome-wide analysis of the effect of heterozygosity and exotic introgression. BMC Evol. Biol. 13, 246. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-246
     
  • Toye, P.G., Batten, C.A., Kiara, H., Henstock, M.R., Edwards, L., TThumbi, S.M., Poole, E.J., Handel, I.G., Bronsvoort, B.M. deC, Hanotte, O., Coetzer, J.A.W., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Oura, C.A.L., 2013. Bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus in local breeds of cattle in Kenya. Res. Vet. Sci. 94, 769–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.11.001
     
  • Bronsvoort, B.M. de C., Thumbi, S.M., Poole, J., Kiara, H., Tosa-Auguet, O., Handel, I.G., Jennings, A., Conradie, I., Ndila, M., Toye, P., Hanotte, O., Coetzer, K., Woolhouse, M., (2013). The Infectious Diseases of East African Livestock (IDEAL) Project: Descriptive epidemiological report of a longitudinal calf cohort study in Western Kenya. BMC Vet. Res. 9:171 https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-171
     
  • Thumbi, S.M.., Bronsvoort, M.B.M. de C., Kiara, H., Toye, P.G., Poole, J., Ndila, M., Conradie, I., Jennings, A., Handel, I.G., Coetzer, J.A.W., Steyl, J., Hanotte, O., Woolhouse, M.E.J., (2013). Mortality in East African shorthorn zebu cattle under one year: predictors of infectious-disease mortality. BMC Vet. Res. 9, 175. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-175
     
  • Toye, P., Handel, I., Gray, J., Kiara, H., Thumbi, S.M., Jennings, A., van Wyk, I.C., Ndila, M., Hanotte, O., Coetzer, K., Woolhouse, M., Bronsvoort, M., 2013. Maternal antibody uptake, duration and influence on survival and growth rate in a cohort of indigenous calves in a smallholder farming system in western Kenya. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 155, 129–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.003
     

2013

  • Lesosky, M., Dumas, S., Conradie, I., Handel, I.G., Jennings, A., Thumbi, S.M., Toye, P., Bronsvoort, B.M. de C., 2012. A live weight-heart girth relationship for accurate dosing of east African shorthorn zebu cattle. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 45, 311–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0220-3
     
  • van Wyk, I.C., Goddard, A., de C Bronsvoort, B.M., Coetzer, J.A.W., Booth, C., Hanotte, O., Jennings, A., Kiara, H., Mashego, P., Muller, C., Pretorius, G., Poole, E.J., Thumbi, S.M., Toye, P.G., Woolhouse, M.E.J., Penzhorn, B.L., 2012. Hematological profile of East African short-horn zebu calves from birth to 51 weeks of age. Comp. Clin. Path. 22, 1029–1036. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-012-1522-6
     

2012

  • Amimo, J.O., Thumbi, S.M., Inyangala, B.O., Junga, J.O., Mosi, R.O., 2011. Socio-economic characteristics and perceptions of cattle keepers and constraints to cattle production in Western Kenya. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 23, 138.
     

2011

  • Amimo, J.O., Thumbi, S.M., Inyangala, B.O., Junga, J.O., Mosi, R.O., 2011. Socio-economic characteristics and perceptions of cattle keepers and constraints to cattle production in Western Kenya. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 23, 138.
     

2010

  • Thumbi, S.M., McOdimba, F.A., Mosi, R.O., Jung’a, J.O., 2008. Comparative evaluation of three PCR base diagnostic assays for the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes in cattle blood. Parasites and Vectors 1, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-1-46